Building Information Modeling (BIM)
A collaborative process for creating and managing information about a built asset throughout its lifecycle using a 3D model as the central data source.
Level of Development (LOD)
A framework that specifies the detail and reliability of information contained in a BIM model at various stages of the project lifecycle (e.g., LOD 100–500).
Common Data Environment (CDE)
A centralized repository where all project information is stored, managed, and shared to ensure seamless collaboration.
Clash Detection
A process to identify and resolve conflicts or overlaps between building systems (e.g., HVAC ducts and structural beams) in the BIM model.
Digital Twin
A virtual replica of a physical asset or system that is continuously updated with real-time data to reflect its current state.
Parametric Modeling
The process of designing with parameters or constraints, allowing model elements to automatically adjust when changes are made.
Information Delivery Plan (IDP)
A structured schedule outlining when and how information is delivered to meet project requirements. Includes MIDP and TIDP.
Open BIM
A universal approach to BIM collaboration that uses open data formats (e.g., IFC) to ensure interoperability between tools and stakeholders.
Interoperability
The ability of different BIM tools and software platforms to exchange and use data without compatibility issues.
Asset Information Model (AIM)
A digital model containing all data necessary to operate, maintain, and manage a built asset during its operational phase.
Project Information Model (PIM)
A digital model developed during the design and construction phases to capture all information required to deliver the asset.
4D BIM
BIM that integrates scheduling information, allowing visualization of the construction timeline and sequencing.
5D BIM
BIM that incorporates cost information to support budgeting, estimating, and financial control.
6D BIM
BIM focusing on sustainability and energy performance analysis, enabling lifecycle assessment and environmental impact evaluation.
7D BIM
BIM that supports facilities management and operations by providing data for maintenance, repairs, and asset optimization.
Lifecycle Costing (LCC)
A method to evaluate the total cost of ownership of an asset over its lifecycle, including construction, operation, maintenance, and disposal costs.
Lifecycle Assessment (LCA)
A method for evaluating the environmental impact of a building or asset over its entire lifecycle, from material extraction to disposal.
Georeferencing
Aligning a BIM model with real-world geographic coordinates for accurate site placement and integration with GIS data.
IFC (Industry Foundation Classes)
An open file format that facilitates the sharing of BIM data between different software applications.
BEP (BIM Execution Plan)
A detailed plan that outlines how BIM processes and workflows will be implemented for a specific project.
MIDP (Master Information Delivery Plan)
A document specifying when, how, and by whom project information will be produced and delivered.
TIDP (Task Information Delivery Plan)
A subset of the MIDP, detailing information delivery at a task or discipline level.
Federated Model
A composite model that combines multiple discipline-specific models into a single view while maintaining their independence.
Clash-Free Design
A state where all conflicts between different building systems are resolved in the BIM model prior to construction.
Reality Capture
The process of creating a digital representation of an existing physical asset using technologies like LiDAR or photogrammetry.
Quantity Take-Off (QTO)
The extraction of material quantities and measurements from a BIM model for cost estimation and procurement purposes.
Bar Bending Schedule (BBS)
A detailed list of reinforcement bars required for construction, often generated directly from the BIM model.
ISO 19650
An international standard for managing information during the lifecycle of a built asset using BIM workflows.
GIS (Geographic Information System)
A system for capturing, analyzing, and visualizing geographic data, often integrated with BIM for site planning.
Scan-to-BIM
The process of converting point cloud data from laser scanning into a BIM model for use in renovation or retrofit projects.
Construction Sequencing
The planning and visualization of the construction process in a time-based format, often using 4D BIM.
Design Intent Model
A BIM model created during the early stages of a project to convey the designer’s vision and objectives.
As-Built Model
A final, field-verified BIM model that accurately reflects the completed asset, including all changes made during construction.
Information Exchange Requirements (IER)
Defines the specific data and information needed at key project stages, ensuring consistent delivery.
Laser Scanning
A technology used to capture high-accuracy point cloud data of existing conditions for integration into BIM models.
Project Handover
The final phase of a project where all as-built information, maintenance data, and asset models are delivered to the client.
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